The legacy of the Indian hospital system continues to manifest in contemporary health care challenges faced by Indigenous Peoples in Treaty areas 6, 7 and 8 and Métis homelands within Alberta, and across the country. Despite improvements and awareness efforts, significant barriers remain, perpetuating health disparities and inequities.
Health Care Disparities
Indigenous populations in Alberta experience higher rates of chronic diseases, mental health issues and infant mortality, compared to non-Indigenous populations. These disparities are rooted in historical injustices and compounded by ongoing systemic barriers within the health care system.
Cultural and Linguistic Barriers
A lack of culturally sensitive care and language barriers significantly impact the quality of health care Indigenous patients receive. The health care system often fails to integrate traditional healing practices, which are crucial for many Indigenous peoples, leading to a disconnect between patients and providers.
Trust and Accessibility Issues
Historical abuses in the health care system, including those experienced in Indian hospitals, have led to a deep-seated mistrust among Indigenous communities. Additionally, many Indigenous peoples face geographic and socioeconomic barriers that hinder access to quality health care services, particularly in remote and rural areas. A recent Canadian study found that First Nations patients are more likely to leave Alberta emergency departments before receiving care than other patients – and anti-Indigenous racism is one of the root causes.
Current Initiatives and Programs
Various initiatives aim to address these barriers, including culturally sensitive care programs and partnerships between health care providers and Indigenous communities. While some progress has been made, much work remains to ensure equitable health care for Indigenous Peoples.
An April 2023 report serves as a roadmap for Alberta in achieving a high quality, accessible and equitable primary health care system for Indigenous peoples. The Indigenous Primary Health Care Final Report contains 22 recommendations focused on culturally safe and appropriate care, improved access, quality of care Indigenous communities, Indigenous peoples as partners in the design and delivery of health care.